Locally: managed by LSA

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Local interactive logon managed by WinLogon system process

Only process that intercepts login requests from the keyboard, whichy are sent via RPC messages from Win32k.sys

Authentication Packages Description
Lsasrv.dll The
LSA Server service both enforces security policies and acts as the
security package manager for the LSA. The LSA contains the Negotiate
function, which selects either the NTLM or Kerberos protocol after
determining which protocol is to be successful.
Msv1_0.dll Authentication package for local machine logons that don't require custom authentication.
Samsrv.dll The Security Accounts Manager (SAM) stores local security accounts, enforces locally stored policies, and supports APIs.
Kerberos.dll Security package loaded by the LSA for Kerberos-based authentication on a machine.
Netlogon.dll Network-based logon service.
Ntdsa.dll This library is used to create new records and folders in the Windows registry.

Each interactive logon session creates a sperate instance of the WinLogon service.

The GINA(Graphical Identification and Authentication) archigtecture is loaded into the process area used by WinLogon, receives and processes the credentials, and invokes the authentication interfaces via the LSALogonUser function.

SAM Database

Security Account Manager

Located at: %SystemRoot%\\system32\\config\\SAM

Mounted on HKLM\SAM

Requires SYSTEM priv to access